Transport of vitamin B1 in animals, plants and microorganisms

Authors

  • A.F. Makarchikov Grodno State Agrarian University, Republic of Belarus
  • I.K. Kolas Grodno State Agrarian University, Republic of Belarus

Keywords:

thiamine, thiamine transporters, thiamine diphosphate transporters, bacteria, archaea, yeasts, plants

Abstract

Vitamin B1, in the form of coenzyme thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), is indispensible for the life of almost all types of organisms. Plants, yeast, and many bacteria synthesize vitamin B1 de novo, while animal cells lack this ability and therefore must absorb thiamine constantly through specialized transport systems. Carrier proteins are expressed not only by cells of thiamine auxotrophic organisms, but also by organisms capable of its biosynthesis. During the biological evolution, there has been a significant divergence in the mechanisms of vitamin B1 transport. Prokaryotes carry out its uptake through ATP-dependent ABC-type transporters or using energy uncoupled facilitated diffusion mechanism through the PnuT transporter. Yeast and animal cells uptake thiamine by the mechanism of secondary active transport by proteins from the NCS1 and SLC19 families, respectively. ThDP synthesized in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells is imported into the mitochondrial matrix through transporters belonging to the MCF family.

Author Biographies

A.F. Makarchikov, Grodno State Agrarian University, Republic of Belarus

Doctor of. Biol. Sc., DSci, Associate Professor, Head of Department of Chemistry, Leading Researcher of Institute of Biochemistry of Biologically Active Compounds of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Scientific Consultant of Scientific Enterprise "Alnikor", Grodno, Republic of Belarus

I.K. Kolas, Grodno State Agrarian University, Republic of Belarus

PhD in Biol. Sc., Associate Professor of Department of Chemistry

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Published

2023-06-12

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Biological sciences