Характеристика токсикологических эффектов тяжелых металлов на физиологические показатели Большой Дафнии (Daphnia Magna)

A.P. Zhyvitskaya; A.G. Sysa; A.K. Halakh; A.P. Yakovleva; I.E. Buchenkov; V.A. Lemiasheuski

Authors

A.P. Zhyvitskaya International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
A.G. Sysa Polessky State University, Pinsk, Republic of Belarus
A.K. Halakh International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
A.P. Yakovleva International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
I.E. Buchenkov Polessky State University, Pinsk, Republic of Belarus
V.A. Lemiasheuski Polessky State University, Pinsk, Republic of Belarus

Keywords:

hydrobionts, bioindication, toxicity, environmental monitoring, specific growth rate

Abstract

The effects of heavy metals copper (II), iron (II), lead and nickel on the acute immobilization of Daphnia magna were studied. To build dose-effect models in this work, a log-logistic model with four parameters LL.4 of the drm library in the statistical computing environment R is used. The shapes of dose-effect curves of the immobilization of Daphnia magna in the area of the studied concentrations indicates that the effectiveness of inhibition of motor activity decreases in the range Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Pb2+ > Ni2+, which is confirmed by the calculated values of EC50: EC50 Cu2+ (0.11 mg/l) ≈ EC50 Cd2+ (0.14 mg/l) < EC50 Pb2+ (1.41 mg/l) < EC50 Ni2+ (2.84 mg/l). The effect of binary mixtures of cations on the mobility of Daphnia magna has also been investigated. It was shown for Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions at low concentrations (0.05-0.7 mg/l and 0.05-0.1 mg/l, respectively) that the addition of Cu2+ had a synergistic effect, and at high concentrations the combined effect changed to antagonistic. As for Ni2+ ions, an antagonistic effect was observed in the entire concentration range when Cu2+ was added. When studying the effects of a mixture of Ni2+ cations with Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions, all the studied mixtures of metal ions led to increased inhibition of the mobility of daphnia crustaceans, i.e. a synergistic effect is observed. The order of toxicity of mixtures for Daphnia magna decreased in the series Cd+Ni > Cu+Ni > Pb+Ni.

Author Biographies

A.P. Zhyvitskaya, International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Senior Lecturer of the Department of Environmental Medicine and Radiobiology

A.G. Sysa, Polessky State University, Pinsk, Republic of Belarus

PhD in Biochemistry Sc., Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics

A.K. Halakh, International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Student, Environmental Medicine Faculty

A.P. Yakovleva, International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

Student

I.E. Buchenkov, Polessky State University, Pinsk, Republic of Belarus

PhD in Agriculture Sc., Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics

V.A. Lemiasheuski, Polessky State University, Pinsk, Republic of Belarus

PhD in Agriculture Sc., Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics

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