Forecast of expansion of Salvinia Natans L. in Belarus
Keywords:
aquatic macrophytes, habitat dynamics, progressive species, population geneticsAbstract
Objective. To provide a scientifically based forecast of the expansion of Salvinia natans (L.) All. in Belarus based on a retrospective analysis of its distribution and data from population genetic studies of model populations.
Materials and methods. Generalization of archive and literary data, materials of expeditionary research, methods of molecular genetics for assessing the variability and relationship of plant populations.
Results. Changes in the distribution of the heat-loving species Salvinia natans (L.) All. from the 1950s to the present have been revealed, showing the expansion of the natural boundaries of its range in the northwestern and northeastern directions. Using molecular IPBS markers, the genetic heterogeneity of model populations in the cenoareal and insular localities has been determined, showing a large variability of natural populations. Identification of the genetic relationship between populations from different parts of the range of Salvinia natans (L.) All. shows the ways and means of penetration of diaspores of the species into newly developed territories, demonstrating the mixing of the gene pool in expansive populations through ornitochory.
Conclusion. The obtained data allow us to predict a more active spread of Salvinia natans (L.) All. in the western part of Belarus, where expansive populations that have penetrated into the Shchara River basin have a relatively high adaptive potential. In the eastern part of the country, further spread of the species in the northern direction is unlikely, which is due to both the hydrographic features of the territory and the genetic parameters of the studied populations.
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