Состояние проблемы по лихорадке Зика в мире после отмены чрезвычайной ситуации
Аннотация
Вирус Зика (ВЗ), впервые обнаруженный в 1947 г. в Уганде, не привлекал особого внимания общественного здравоохранения почти 70 лет. Но в конце 2015 г. был занесен в Бразилию с островов Тихого океана и за 1 год быстро распространился по всей Америке, впервые став причиной массового инфекционного заболевания, связанного с увеличением числа случаев микроцефалии и других нарушений центральной нервной системы у новорожденных. Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) объявила инфекцию, вызванную ВЗ, как чрезвычайную, имеющую международное значение для общественного здравоохранения. Учитывая масштабы распространения инфекции, серьезные и долгосрочные ее последствия во время беременности и на пострадавшее население, необходимо быстрое реагирование глобального общественного здравоохранения и научных исследований для ограничения и предотвращения этих последствий путем разработки терапевтических средств, вакцин и улучшенной диагностики. В данном обзоре представлена информация о текущем состоянии проблемы в мире по лихорадке Зика после отмены ВОЗ чрезвычайной ситуации, общей характеристике вируса, основных переносчиках, особенностях вызываемой им инфекции, лабораторной диагностике и прогнозе в отношении инфекции для Республики Беларусь. Zika virus (ZV), first discovered in 1947 in Uganda, has not attracted much public health attention for nearly 70 years. But at the end of 2015 it was introduced into Brazil from the Pacific Islands and spread rapidly throughout Americas. ZV has caused the first such massive infection, associated with increased cases of microcephaly and other central nervous system disorders in newborns. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the situation as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Given the scale of the infection spread, serious and long–term consequences during pregnancy and on the affected population, it is necessary a rapid global public health and research response ZV to control and prevent its impacts through the developing of therapeutics, vaccines and improved diagnostics. This review describes the current status of the ZV problem in the world after the abolition of the WHO emergency, the general virus characteristics, the major vectors, the infection characteristics, laboratory diagnostics and the forecast of the infection for the Republic of Belarus.Библиографические ссылки
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