Substantiation of the methodology of differentiated teaching of ball exercises for children of primary school age
Keywords:
primary school age, a differentiated approach, physiological parameters, exercise with ballAbstract
The article reveals the influence of the psychophysiological characteristics of the development of the body of elementary school students on the effectiveness in exercises with the ball. In order to justify the criteria underlying the differentiated content of physical activity during the study of exercises with the ball according to the school program on physical education for grades 1-4, the results of a number of scientific papers on the success of the formation of motor experience from the growth and development of the body of children involved are processed. The work analyzed, systematized and accumulated modern data of scientific research and methodological developments of differentiated teaching of physical exercises for students of primary school age. The study of literature data, as well as the study of the relationship of special motor readiness and psychophysiological indicators, the characteristics of the growth and development of children of this age period, allowed us to determine the content and features of the methodology of differentiated instruction in ball exercises for children of primary school age. The revealed dependence of successful mastery of exercises with the ball on the level of manifestation of psychophysiological indicators is confirmed by the fact that the ability to control movements is closely related to the ability to evaluate them in time, space, according to the degree of muscle effort, the ability to maintain balance, and the ability to long-term muscular work. Important are the individual characteristics of memory and attention. The presented teaching aids for basic techniques with the ball (dribbling, throwing, throws, kicks and juggling), as well as improving the range and accuracy of these techniques are provided with targeted pedagogical influence on the functioning of the motor, visual and auditory analyzers, as well as on the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory body systems of a child through special physical exercises. A methodology has been developed for the development of psychophysiological indicators, which are the most informative for learning one or another exercise with the ball, depending on age and gender. The content of physical exercises for primary schoolchildren is presented taking into account somatometric and psychophysiological indicators of the development of the body.
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